Research library
Long-form research, citation-backed.
Peptide pharmacology, comparison studies, laboratory methodology. Every article is research-frame language with primary-source citations. No clinical claims, no protocol guidance — context for laboratory researchers, not patients.
Featured
Pillar comparison · foundational reading firstCompound deep-dives
26 articles · ~325 min total reading · spanning incretin/GH-axis/tissue-repair/skin-matrix/cellular-aging/cognitive/melanocortin/HPG-axis classesTirzepatide complete research guide
Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist deep-dive — structure, mechanism, SURPASS and SURMOUNT trial literature, storage, reconstitution math.
Retatrutide complete research guide
Triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist — phase-2 trial literature, hepatic energy expenditure mechanism, body-composition outcomes.
Semaglutide complete research guide
Foundational long-acting GLP-1 agonist — STEP, SUSTAIN, PIONEER, SELECT trial corpus, structure modifications, handling.
BPC-157 mechanism deep-dive
Multi-pathway mechanism of the gastric pentadecapeptide — NO-synthase, VEGF angiogenesis, growth-hormone receptor expression, dopaminergic effects.
TB-500 complete guide
Thymosin beta-4 fragment — actin sequestration via the LKKTETQ motif, cellular migration, vascular regrowth, cardiac and dermal-injury research.
GHK-Cu complete guide
Copper-coordinated tripeptide — fibroblast signaling, collagen synthesis, gene-expression modulation across 4,000+ genes, dermal-matrix research literature.
NAD+ complete guide
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide — sirtuin substrate, PARP DNA-repair, CD38 NADase, mitochondrial function and the published age-related-decline research.
Selank complete guide
Tuftsin-derived heptapeptide — Russian-origin neuropeptide, GABAergic modulation, BDNF expression, anxiolytic-research literature in rodent models.
Epithalon complete guide
Tetrapeptide AEDG — Russian-origin pineal-gland analog, telomerase-activation research, Khavinson lab lineage, cellular-aging biomarker literature.
Semax complete guide
ACTH(4-7) heptapeptide analog — BDNF/NGF expression, cognitive-enhancement research, cerebral-ischemia neuroprotection literature. Sister compound to Selank.
Sermorelin complete guide
Reference GHRH(1-29) analog — pituitary GHRH-receptor binding, pulsatile GH release, IGF-1 axis activation, age-related GH-axis decline (somatopause) research.
CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin complete guide
Canonical GHRH/GHRP synergy pair — DAC-extended GHRH analog + selective ghrelin-receptor agonist, dual-pathway GH-pulse research, week-stable plasma levels.
KPV complete guide
Alpha-MSH C-terminal tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) — NF-kB pathway modulation, PEPT1 transporter uptake, inflammatory bowel disease and dermal-inflammation research.
SNAP-8 complete guide
Acetyl octapeptide-3 — SNAP-25 N-terminal mimetic, SNARE-complex competitive inhibition, expression-line research, sister to Argireline.
MOTS-c complete guide
Mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in 12S rRNA — AMPK pathway activation, exercise-mimetic research, mitokine retrograde signaling, metabolic-homeostasis literature.
SS-31 complete guide
Aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide (elamipretide) — cardiolipin binding, inner-mitochondrial-membrane stabilisation, cristae structure, cardiac and mitochondrial-myopathy research.
DSIP complete guide
Delta sleep-inducing peptide nonapeptide WAGGDASGE — Schoenenberger 1977 discovery, slow-wave sleep modulation, circadian rhythm, HPA stress-axis research.
IGF-1 LR3 complete guide
Modified IGF-1 with N-terminal extension + R3 substitution — IGF-1 receptor agonism, PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, IGFBP independence, anabolic-research literature.
Melanotan-2 complete guide
Cyclic alpha-MSH analog — broad-spectrum melanocortin receptor agonism (MC1R-MC5R), Hruby lab origin, melanin-synthesis research. Research-only, not approved as tanning agent.
AOD-9604 complete guide
Synthetic GH C-terminal fragment 176-191 — lipolytic mechanism without somatogenic GH effects, beta-3 AR pathway, Metabolic Pharmaceuticals research lineage.
Cagrilintide complete guide
Long-acting amylin analog — AMY/CT receptor agonism, once-weekly half-life, Cagrisema combination research with Semaglutide producing super-additive satiety effects.
Pinealon complete guide
Khavinson tripeptide EDR — neuroprotective + antioxidant + gene-expression mechanism, sister compound to Epithalon, Russian gerontology research lineage.
PT-141 complete guide
Bremelanotide cyclic alpha-MSH analog — MC4R-focused agonism, HPG-axis modulation, FDA-approved as Vyleesi for HSDD. Research-grade material is research-only.
Kisspeptin-10 complete guide
KISS1-derived 10-aa peptide YNWNSFGLRF-NH2 — GPR54/KISS1R agonism, GnRH master pulse generator, HPG-axis upstream regulator, reproductive endocrinology research.
5-Amino-1MQ complete guide
Small-molecule NNMT inhibitor (not a peptide) — preserves NAD+ and SAM pools by blocking nicotinamide methylation. Adipose-research and metabolic-aging crossover.
Tesamorelin complete research guide
Modified GHRH analog — upstream pituitary mechanism, visceral adipose tissue research, IGF-1 axis modulation, NAFLD trial corpus.
Comparison studies
2 articlesBPC-157 vs TB-500: a research-frame comparison
Two pentadecapeptides studied in tissue-repair literature, often co-investigated. Side-by-side: structure, half-life, mechanism, citations.
GLP-1 agonists compared
Single → dual → triple agonist progression. Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Retatrutide side-by-side — structure, mechanism, half-life, citations.
Research methodology
2 articlesHow to read a Certificate of Analysis (COA)
HPLC chromatograms, mass-spec confirmation, water content, endotoxin levels, lot traceability — what every line on a COA means.
Reconstitution methodology for lyophilized peptides
Bacteriostatic water vs acetic acid water, dilution math, multi-puncture handling — everything documented research-handling literature.